Kava

Overview

Kava is a leafy shrub with heart-shaped leaves and jointed, cane-like stems. It doesn’t set seed, so it is grown from cuttings. Its roots are used to make a drink with relaxing effects.

History

Kava comes from the western Pacific, where its roots have long been prepared as a relaxing drink.

Growing on Kauaʻi

• Needs warmth, high humidity, rich soil, and shelter from wind.
• Grows best in partial shade on the wet side.
• Roots rot in waterlogged soil; use well-drained, organic-rich soil.

Planting and propagation

• Cut mature stems into pieces with at least two nodes.
• Lay them flat in moist, shaded potting mix or soil until they sprout, then plant out.

Care and maintenance

• Mulch heavily and keep moist.
• Keep sheltered from wind, which snaps the brittle stems.

Role in the guild

Kava grows in the moist, shaded understory beneath banana, breadfruit, or mountain apple.

Harvest

Roots and lower stems are usually harvested after 2–3 years or more; older plants have larger root masses.

Uses

• Drink: roots prepared as a beverage.
• Soil: leaves and prunings as mulch.

Important caution

Use kava with care. Don’t combine it with alcohol or sedating medicines, don’t drive after drinking it, and avoid it if you have liver problems, are pregnant, or are breastfeeding. Use only the root, not leaves or stems. Talk with a doctor if you take medicines.

Problems to watch

• Stem rots and dieback in poorly drained soil.
• Wind damage to stems.

General guidance for Kauaʻi; conditions vary by site. Check any new plant at plantpono.org before planting.